Three out of four adults will experience gum disease in their lifetime
Gum problems occur among adults và is more common among the elderly, diabetics, pregnant women, at some medication and smoking. Gum problems is due khổng lồ plaque buildup at the gumline. Plaque is the bacteria that need to be removed regularly, otherwise they will harden into tartar which can only be removed by your dentist or dental hygienist. The incidence of gum disease is high, underlining the importance of recognizing the signs of early gum disease before it may progress to periodontitis và eventually lead lớn the destruction of bone & tooth loss.
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Gum disease is a major health problem as 60–80% of the population in industrialized countries suffer from gingivitis (bleeding gums) & 10–20% suffers from periodontitis (tooth loss)/WHO
Almost all gum disease is caused by bacterial plaque
Almost all gum disease is caused by bacterial plaque. Some bacteria in plaque release substances which may be irritating và toxic lớn the gum tissue resulting in a local inflammation in the gum tissue. The disease is progressive & often the patient does not experience symptoms until the teeth are loose and ready khổng lồ be lost. Frequently the signs of gum disease cannot be seen just by looking in the mouth.
Symptoms of gum problems
Healthy gums are pink, firm và fit tightly to each tooth. Signs of gum problems are gums that are red, sore và bleeding, especially after brushing. Bad breath can also be a sign of gum problems. Ask your dentist or hygienist if you are unsure if you have gum problems.
Some signs of gum disease include:
Bad breath or a bad taste in the mouthTeeth that seem to be loose or have shifted positionGum tissue that is red, swollen and/or bleeds easily (healthy tissue is pink, has an orange peel appearance & does not bleed)Pus between teeth and gums (healthy gums are tight around the tooth và do not bleed)
Bacterial balance
Our body toàn thân cooperates with bacteria & mouth are no exception. The oral cavity contains around 800 different species of bacteria & there are more than one billion bacteria on each tooth. Under normal conditions, these are in balance & protect you from illness, but when the balance among oral bacteria is disrupted due to inadequate oral hygiene, stress and poor diet can plaque forming bacteria gain the upper hand, causing gum problems.
Our important bacteriaGingivitis and periodontitis
Inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) is found in more than half of the adult population. Gingivitis is caused by dental plaque and the first signs are often irritated, swollen và bleeding gums. Gingivitis triggers an inflammatory process and if the inflammation is not treated it progresses deeper down in the gingival pockets and may lead to lớn periodontitis, something that affects a third of all adults. Periodontitis is often chronic and may lead khổng lồ loss of teeth.
How periodontitis develops
Periodontitis. If gingivitis is not treated in time, there is a risk that it will spread to lớn the bone & ligaments that support the teeth. The gum pockets caused by inflammation become deeper & the bacteria penetrate further down & gradually attack the bone. The tooth looses more and more of its attachment. Gingivitis has now progressed lớn periodontitis. The progression is slow & often takes place over several years without any apparent symptoms. Professional intervention is necessary lớn treat periodontitis, otherwise the process will continue và eventually lead to loosening & subsequent loss of teeth.
Caries
Both caries and periodontitis originate from a disturbance in the balance và diversity of the biofilm. Contributing causes may be poor oral hygiene, incorrect diet, bít tất tay and/or other factors which affect the oral microflora. Caries is mainly caused by the presence of the bacterium mutans streptococci, which creates a low local pH environment which in turn de-mineralizes enamel.
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Halitosis – Bad breath
Bad breath, or halitosis, can occur from time khổng lồ time or be more or less permanent, depending on the cause. Some of the common causes are poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, respiratory tract infections or underlying illnesses like diabetes, kidney, liver or reflux disease.